Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Material Properties, Gamma Absorption Cross-sections, and Electron Ranges 5 2.1 Materials and Material Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
Simulations of whole-body low-dose time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) based on the direct surface production [1] by 511 keV gamma rays of energetic electrons via the Photo-electric and Compton Effects, eliminating the scintillator and photodetector sub-systems in PET scanners.